2004 in science
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The year 2004 in science and technology included many events, some of which are listed below.
Anthropology
Astronomy
Biology
Geology
- September 28 - A long awaited earthquake strikes Parkfield, California, the most closely monitored earthquake zone in the world. The earthquake, which had been expected to have occurred by the late 1980's, strikes as a magnitude 6.0. The network of instruments that had been installed in the region make this the most well-recorded earthquake in history.
Physics
Technology
Space exploration
- January 3 - NASA's Spirit, the first of two Mars Exploration Rovers, lands successfully on Mars.
- January 24 - NASA's Opportunity, the second of the Mars Exploration Rovers, lands successfully on Mars.
- March 2 - NASA report that the area where their Mars probe Opportunity touched down shows unmistakeable signs of contact with water in the geological past.
- March 2 - ESA's Rosetta mission launches, aiming to land on Comet Churyumov-Gerasimenko in 2014.
- March 4- NASA's Spirit finds evidence of past contact with water in volcanic rocks on Mars.
- April 1 - The Genesis probe closes and seals its particle collection instrument, and begins to return to Earth.
- June 11 - Cassini-Huygens, the NASA/ESA mission to Saturn, makes a flyby of one of Saturn's small outer moons, Phoebe.
- June 21 - SpaceShipOne, the first civilian space ship is launched in California, reaching an altitude of 100 km (62.5 miles), just passing the edge of space.
- July 1 - The Cassini-Huygens space probe arrives at Saturn and begins its nominal 4 year mission after successfully reaching orbit.
- August 2 - NASA successfully launches the MESSENGER probe on its 5 year trip to Mercury.
- September 8 - The Genesis spacecraft returns to Earth with captured solar wind particles, but crash-lands because of a failure to deploy any parachute.
- October 4 - SpaceShipOne wins the Ansari X Prize after reaching an altitude of over 100 km (62.5 mi) for the second time in less than five days.
- November 15 - The Smart 1 space probe reaches orbit around the Moon. It is the first European space mission to do so.
- December 25 - The Cassini probe successfully drops the Huygens probe, sending it onto a trip to land on Saturn's moon Titan
Awards
Appointments
Births
Deaths
- March 15
- July 3 - Andrian Nikolayev (b. 1929), cosmonaut.
- July 28 - Francis Crick (b. 1916), American Nobelaureate in Physiology for discovering the double helix structure for DNA.
- August 12 - John Clark (b. 1951), head of the Roslin Institute and part of the team that cloned Dolly the Sheep.
- August 15 - Sune K. Bergström (b. 1916), Swedish biochemist, winner of the 1982 Nobel Prize for Medicine.
- August 31 - Fred Whipple (b. 1906), American astronomer who coined the term "dirty snowball" to explain the nature of comets.
- October 5 - Maurice Wilkins (b. 1916), Nobelaureate in Physiology for discovering the double helix structure for DNA using X-ray diffraction.
- October 19 - Lewis Urry (b. 1927), inventor of the long-lasting alkaline battery.
- November 18 - Robert Bacher (b. 1905), nuclear physicist and one of the leaders of the Manhattan Project, Professor and Provost of the California Institute of Technology.
- December 29 - Julius Axelrod, (b. 1912), biochemist, Nobel Prize in Physiology for work with catecholamine neurotransmitters.
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